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Gem Gawking: The Sun Drop Diamond

     Th Sun Drop Diamond, weighing 110.03 carats, is the largest known pear-shape fancy vivid yellow diamond in the world.  The rough stone was discovered in South Africa in 2010 and sold in 2011 for $12.4 million, setting a world record price for a yellow diamond.
     Color in diamonds is caused by the presence of other substances or structural defects.  Tiny amounts of boron create a blue diamond, while exposure to radiation at some point in formation will result in a green tint.  Pink diamonds are created by structural defects.  Yellow diamonds like the Sun Drop are created by nitrogen impurities being trapped within carbon molecules and hardening over the course of millions of years.  The more nitrogen in the stone's composition, the deeper the color.  The nitrogen molecules absorb blue light, making the diamond appear yellow, the complement of the color blue.  Strong colors in diamonds are unusual and larger stones with high levels of color are especially rare. There is just one fancy yellow diamond for every 10,000 white diamonds in the world.  Yellow diamonds are found in Australia, South Africa, and occasionally in Russia.  The larger more notable stones are most often found in South Africa like the Sun Drop.
     It took six months to cut the diamond which is about the size of a woman's thumb.  The cut stone then went on display in London's Natural History Museum before going up for auction.  The Sun Drop Diamond has been renamed "Lady Dalal" by it's new owner.


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